Dondra Head pelagic Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus) diving: acoustic clicking and squid foraging?
What echolocation click rates and dive profiles characterize deep-diving sperm whale pods foraging along the 1,500-meter Dondra submarine trench?
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5 Answers from travellers
The deep ocean trench off Dondra Head—where the continental shelf plunges to 1,500 meters within 5 nautical miles of the lighthouse—is one of the world’s premier foraging grounds for Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus). Resident pods of females and juveniles execute 45-minute foraging dives down to 800-1,200 meters to hunt bathypelagic oceanic squid (Histioteuthis). During descents, they emit powerful regular echolocation clicks (up to 230 dB re 1 uPa, the loudest biological sound on Earth) produced via the spermaceti organ. As a whale closes on prey, click rates accelerate into a rapid "buzz" or "creak" right before capture.
Between deep foraging dives, whales rest horizontally at the surface for 10 to 15 minutes ("logging"), breathing through their left-positioned blowhole.
Towed hydrophone arrays deployed by marine researchers detect sperm whale click sequences from over 10 miles away, allowing real-time acoustic tracking.
High-speed container ship traffic traversing the southern shipping lane poses severe ship-strike risks; DWC advocates shifting lanes 5 miles further offshore.
Surface behaviors include tail fluking before deep dives, lob-tailing, and social breaching during calm inter-monsoon morning windows.
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