Horton Plains montane peat biome: Sphagnum moss water retention and cloud hydrology?
What cellular hyaline leaf structures allow Sphagnum bog mosses on the Horton Plains plateau to absorb twenty times their dry weight in cloud water droplets?
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4 Answers from travellers
The high-altitude peat bogs and wet patana hollows of Horton Plains (2,100m elevation) function as a critical hydrological sponge for Sri Lanka. Sphagnum moss cushions carpeting waterlogged hollows possess specialized anatomical leaf morphology: small living photosynthetic chlorophyllose cells surround massive, dead, hollow hyaline cells lined with spiral reinforcing fibrils and microscopic pores. These hyaline cells draw water through capillary action, retaining up to twenty times their dry mass in moisture stripped from passing montane cloud mist. This stored water releases steadily into the headwaters of the Mahaweli, Kelani, and Walawe rivers.
The high concentration of polyuronic acids in Sphagnum cell walls exchanges hydrogen ions for dissolved mineral bases, acidifying peat bog water down to pH 3.8-4.5.
Stepping off marked boardwalks onto spongy moss bogs crushes century-old peat cushions; visitors must stay on defined gravel nature paths.
Carnivorous sundews (Drosera indica and Drosera burmanni) thrive along the margins of these acidic Sphagnum bogs, capturing gnats to supplement nitrogen.
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