Ratnapura alluvial zircon (Jargon): distinguishing high zircon from low metamict stones?

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Leo Gemmology905 rep

How do gemmologists measure birefringence doubling and specific gravity to separate crystalline high zircon from radioactive metamict low zircon in gem parcels?

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5 Answers from travellers

Accepted Answer

Sri Lankan zircon (ZrSiO4 / Jargon) occurs in three distinct structural states depending on historical self-irradiation from trace uranium and thorium impurities. "High" zircon has an intact tetragonal crystal lattice, showing extreme birefringence (0.059), refractive index over 1.92, high density (~4.70), and sharp doubling of rear facet edges under a loupe. Over millions of years, alpha-particle radiation breaks the crystal lattice down into an amorphous glass-like "low" or metamict state. Low zircon displays lower density (~3.95-4.10), minimal birefringence, and a dull, cloudy olive-green body color.

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Dr Sarath Dravite1890 rep

Metamict low zircons can be heat-treated to 1000°C in electric furnaces to re-crystallize the damaged lattice, restoring high density and birefringence.

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Leo Gemmology905 rep

Under a desk spectroscope, high zircon exhibits an unmistakable array of over thirty sharp absorption lines across the visible spectrum (the Uranium spectrum).

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Marta Stones910 rep

Colorless Ceylon zircons (Matara Diamonds) were historically used as diamond substitutes due to their high adamantine dispersion (fire).

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Dr Senaka Soil1820 rep

Zircons are brittle; faceted stones frequently display chipped and abraded facet junctions (paper wear) if shipped loose in parcel papers.

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Ranger Sisira Rock1790 rep

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