Sinharaja mixed-species bird flocks: Greater Racket-tailed Drongo mimicry and kleptoparasitism?
How does the endemic crested drongo (Dicrurus paradiseus lophorinus) coordinate canopy bird waves while kleptoparasitizing prey from babblers and trogons?
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4 Answers from travellers
In Sinharaja primary rainforest, the endemic Sri Lanka Crested Drongo (Dicrurus paradiseus lophorinus) acts as the nuclear leader and sentinel of mixed-species bird foraging flocks. The drongo perches on mid-story limbs, scanning for airborne raptors like the Crested Goshawk. If a raptor appears, the drongo issues alarm whistles that cause the entire flock to dive for cover. However, drongos also practice deceptive kleptoparasitism: they emit false alarm calls when an Orange-billed Babbler or Malabar Trogon catches a large insect; when the startled bird drops its prey, the drongo swoops down and snatches it mid-air.
Other birds tolerate this food theft because the drongo's genuine sentinel warnings provide vital protection against surprise ambush attacks by forest hawks.
Drongos possess exceptional acoustic mimicry, seamlessly imitating the calls of squirrels, raptors, and endemic babblers to coordinate flock movement.
Flocks travel at roughly 1km per hour through the forest; birders who encounter a flock can observe 8 to 12 endemic bird species in a 20-minute window.
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